COMPONENTS USED

DETAILS OF COMPONENTS USED

1. DISCLINER

Instead of disc liner we have used the wheel of a small bicycle. The lining is the portion of the braking system which converts the vehicle’s kinetic energy into heat. The lining must be capable of surviving high temperatures without excessive wear (leading to frequent replacement) or out gassing (which cause brake fade, a decrease in the stopping power of the break). Brake linings are composed of a relatively soft but tough and heat – resistant material. 

Fig: Discliner

2. BRAKING COIL

An electromagnetic coil is formed when a conductor (usually an insulated solid copper wire) is wound around a core or from to create an inductor or electromagnet. When electricity is passed through a coil, it generates a magnetic field. One loop of wire is usually referred to as a turn or a winding, and a coil consists of one or more turns. Coils are often coated with varnish or wrapped with insulating tape to provide additional insulation and secure them in place. A completed coil assembly with one or more set of coils and taps is often called winding.

3.BATTERY

A battery is a device that converts chemical energy directly to electrical energy. It consists of a number of voltaic cells; each voltaic cell consists of two half cells connected in series by a conductive electrolyte containing anions and cations. One half-cell includes electrolyte and the electrode to which anions (negatively charged ions) migrate, i.e., the anode or negative electrode; the other half-cell includes electrolyte and the electrode to which cations (positively charged ions) migrate, i.e. the cathode or positive electrode. In the redox reaction that powers the battery, reduction (addition of electrons) occurs to cations at the cathode, while oxidation (removal of electrons) occurs to anions at the anode. The electrodes do not touch each other but are electrically connected by the electrolyte. Some cells use two half-cells with different electrolytes. A separator between half cells allows ions to flow, but prevents mixing of the electrolytes. Each half cell has an electromotive force (or emf), determined by its ability to drive electric current from the interior to the exterior of the cell. The net emf of the cell is the difference between the emf of its half-cells, as first recognized by Volta. Therefore, if the electrodes have emf and, then the net emf is in other words, the net emf is the difference between the reduction potentials of the half-reactions. 

4. ELECTROMAGNET

An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by the flow of electric current. An electric current flowing in a wire creates a magnetic field around the wire. To concentrate the magnetic field, in an electromagnet the wire is wound into a coil with many turns of wire lying side by side. The magnetic field of all the turns of wire passes through the center of the coil, creating a strong magnetic field there. The direction of the magnetic field through a coil of wire can be found from a form of the right-hand rule. The main advantage of an electromagnet over a permanent magnet is that the magnetic field can be rapidly manipulated over a wide range by controlling the amount of electric current.

Fig: Electromagnetic Field